Word: urbanizing
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...this century the population of the U.S. will swell by 100 million people. Most of them will crowd into the nation's urban areas, which already house 70% of all Americans on a minuscule 10% of the land. The implications of such an enormous spurt, in terms of urban sprawl, congestion and the very quality of life are obvious-and appalling...
...people apiece. Such new towns, says Architecture Critic Wolf Von Eckardt, are "our best hope of coming to grips with the problems of megalopolis." Ed Logue, the city planner who rebuilt Boston's downtown area and recently became president of New York State's Urban Development Corporation, advocates tax incentives that would entice developers to build towns ranging in size from 100,000 to 250,000. "At that size you have a civilized community, one without a commuter problem and still small enough that you can fight city hall," he says. In Manhattan last week, the newly formed...
...Urban Shangrila. Basically, a new town is a self-contained community that includes not only shopping and recreational facilities but sufficient business and industry to provide jobs for everybody-thus preventing it from becoming a mere bedroom for an existing city. A new town can be a satellite city, close to an already developed metropolitan area, or a wholly new urban center erected on virgin land in much the same way that Chandigarh, Canberra and Brasilia were built. For social and economic as well as political reasons, U.S. planners say that the towns should provide a population mix of wealthy...
...There are now more than two dozen "garden cities" in Britain, housing 1,250,000 people. The French plan to build six new towns near Paris before the 21st century. The Netherlands, Sweden and Russia have already built a number of new towns. Tapiola, Finland, an urban Shangri-la six miles from Helsinki, is the new town that comes closest to meeting the ideal. Tapiola's main shopping center is a magnificent paved plaza. Nearby are a movie house, theater, hotel and swimming pool. Since no house is more than 250 yards from a shopping and amusement center, residents...
Under the new-communities clause of the 1968 Housing Act, the Department of Housing and Urban Development can guarantee $250 million in loans for land acquisition and development to those builders whose newtown plans meet standards prescribed by HUD. The department has already received 17 formal applications and has tentatively committed $30 million to Park Forest South, 28 miles south of Chicago. If the U.S. is to build similar new towns on a large scale, however, HUD officials think that broader legislation and a vastly larger federal role will be necessary...