Word: used
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...Congress outlawed corporate contributions to candidates for federal elective office. It is still illegal for a corporation to make political donations out of its internal funds. But the Federal Eleaction Act of 1971 permitted the use of corporate money for "the establishment, administration and solicitation of contributions to a separate, segregated fund to be utilized for a political purpose." Following clarifying amendments in 1974 and a favorable advisory opinion by the FED in 1975, corporations by the hundreds began forming PACs. Today, over 800 corporate PACs use company funds to solicit "voluntary" contributions from the ranks of management and stockholders...
...doctors at Yale, the University of Connecticut and Case Western Reserve report they have devised a prenatal blood test that may avert those heart-rending abortions. Once amniocentesis determines that a woman is carrying a male child, doctors use a technique called fetoscopy to obtain a sample of the baby's blood. They make an incision in the woman's abdomen, then insert a tubular fiber-optic device to locate one of the baby's blood vessels on the placenta. Using a tiny needle, they withdraw a few drops of the baby's blood, which...
...professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Thursday night suggested that the MIT community take legal action against the university's corporation to force it to use its proxy power in South Africa-based firms to oppose apartheid...
Translating this theoretical model into a practicable application involves isolating a particular type of behavior and identifying the control factors affecting it. One use in the social sciences is especially appropriate in view of last week's rally in Washington against nuclear power and the mishap at Three Mile Isle last month. The author's model for determining the rate of power plant construction pits the pro-nuclear lobby against the "ecology" lobby and predicts that at a certain point a nuclear disaster will cause a catastrophic cutback in construction...
WHILE THE authors try to deflect these criticisms, their own position, especially in light of some questionable applications, is not entirely convincing. Thom writes that "our use of local models...implies nothing about the 'ultimate nature of reality'." His catastrophe theory purported not to "explain" phenomena but merely to describe them--a crucial distinction the authors, as well as other proponents, refuse to make. If the mark of a science is both to explain and to predict phenomena, and catastrophe theory often does neither, a re-evaluation of its worth may be in order...