Word: uses
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...shoulder and said: "I'm afraid I haven't been a good host." Khrushchev smiled and, underscoring the weird aspect of the whole performance, turned toward the American guide who had been standing in the model kitchen and said: "Thank the housewife for letting us use her kitchen for our argument...
...Ideal. Making a point that he hammered again and again during his visit, Nixon said: "Material progress is important, but the very heart of the American ideal is that 'man does not live by bread alone.' Progress without freedom, to use a common expression, is like 'potatoes without fat.' There is nothing we want from any other people except the right to live in peace and friendship with them...
...explanation that rings tinnily in a reporter's accounting of desperate hours in the history of a people. And however it may fit the uses of a historical sum-up, it has even less use as an explanation of the course of seasoned Correspondent Matthews or of the vagaries of the Cuba story in the seasoned (108 years) New York Times...
...transition came in World War. II with nitrogen mustard-synthesized for use as a poison gas. Cancer researchers began testing it. found that it killed cells in rough proportion to their rate of reproduction. Though it killed the cancer cells faster than the normal, it was still highly poisonous, could be given (by intravenous injection) only in small doses. And eventually the cancer cells became resistant to it. History has sadly repeated itself with scores of chemicals of this class (technically "alkylating agents") developed since. About 20 are credited with definite but limited usefulness...
More ingenious than simply poisoning the cancer cell was the idea that it might be fooled into accepting, instead of a normal food substance (metabolite), an analogue (close chemical kin) to fill the metabolite's place but yield no nourishment. First to use antimetabolites this way was Dr. Sidney Farber of Boston Children's Hospital and the Children's Cancer Research Foundation. Knowing that leukemic cells are avid for the vitamin folic acid, he began in 1947 to treat child victims of acute leukemia with analogues of folic acid. Lederle Laboratories sent Dr. Farber two, aminopterin...