Word: uses
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...careful use of discipline is the heart of several recent approaches. Adopting the principles of reinforcement therapy (TIME, July 11), psychologists at the U.C.L.A. Neuropsychiatric Institute put autistic children through a demanding series of exercises. The therapist waits for them to perform a small act as a normal child would, then quickly rewards them with praise and a few bits of cereal or an M & M candy. If they revert to autistic behavior, he promptly says "No," and may even strike them. After literally hundreds of repetitions, the rewardable behavior begins to replace autistic distraction, and the children...
...Cure. Similar ideas are also being put to use in a few of the schools that attempt to treat autistics along with other problem children. Carl Fenichel of Brooklyn's League School for Seriously Disturbed Children told the National Society meeting that he has had some success by firmly distracting autistic children from their tantrums and insisting they practice simple mechanical tasks such as holding a pencil or using an egg beater. "Disorganized children need someone to organize their world for them," he says. "They fear their own loss of control and seek protection against their own impulsive drives...
Across Ethnic Lines. The need for such procedures is being emphasized by a growing body of biochemical knowledge. "As a patient's health changes, or as other drugs are used," says Kalman, "the blood level of an important drug may change." One example is the use of barbiturates in combination with digitalis. If a patient is on digitoxin, one of the digitalis products, and then uses barbiturates for a while, his heart-medicine dosage should be checked, and possibly adjusted, twice. Barbiturates speed up the metabolism of digitalis-type drugs, which are critical within a narrow range. Even...
...drachms is dangerous and unnecessary. The ancient symbols for ounce and drachm are nearly alike, and fatal over doses have resulted. The abbreviation gr. (meaning grain, 60 mg.) is easily mistaken for gram (1,000 mg.), also with catastrophic consequences." Instead of a dubious decimal point, the doctor should use a vertical line...
When it comes to telling the patient how to take his medicine, the Stanford professors advise doctors and druggists to use "terms of common household measures like teaspoonful or tablespoonful." That way the patient knows what he is doing. He can only hope that his doctor does...