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...Professor Asish Nanda said he is leading a movement to reform the recruiting process that would entail transitioning law schools to a system similar to the method medical schools use to match students with residencies...
During its survey, the Langseth had five approved observers on board to watch for marine mammals for 30 minutes before any airgun use. The operation shut down if any were spotted. They used passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) to detect vocalizing marine mammals in times of poor visual clarity. But Rose says that animals are often silent, and some "have high frequency vocalizations, which can only be detected when a PAM system is quite close." In other words, it would be too late to avoid airgun harm. Lee-Ann Ford, president and founder of Hong Kong-based Linking Individuals for Nature...
...tragedies like the Chichi earthquake that send research vessels into the world's waters a few times per year to try to improve our understanding of how, when and why earthquakes hit. But the technology they use to do that - long submersible cannons called airguns - has drawn loud criticism since the 1990s from marine-mammal experts. They say firing airguns in certain waters and at certain times of the year can be extremely harmful to a long list of sea creatures, including dolphins, whales, porpoises, giant squids, crabs and sea turtles. The noise the guns generate causes some animals...
...little attention, says William Lang, a marine-mammal expert and former program director for ocean sciences environmental operations at the NSF. "The risk to people for not pursuing this type of research is simply not part of the story," Lang says. In the past, explosives like dynamite were used to create seismic waves. Improvement of recording devices and computer analysis has further decreased the airgun sound intensity required for geological research. Airguns are "the best existing technology to produce the desired type of sound," he says. Lincoln Hollister, professor of geosciences at Princeton University, also rejects claims that airgun use...
...first known use of economic sanctions took place in 432 B.C., when Athenian officials, irked by the assistance the Greek state of Megara had afforded its rivals in Corinth, banned Megaran merchants from its ports. The move didn't go over very well - instead of reasserting Athenian supremacy, it helped trigger the 27-year-long Peloponnesian War, which ultimately stripped Athens of its empire. But the tactic caught on. Venice imposed sanctions against Bologna in 1270 in order to coerce them into buying their wheat instead of grain from Ravenna, and in subsequent centuries, the Hanseatic League tried trade bans...