Word: vanguardism
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...Iran, as elsewhere, the students matter. Twenty-five years ago, it was Iranian students who were the vanguard of the revolution that toppled the Shah and seized the U.S. embassy. Now they generally are fed up with a government run by Islamic clerics. Young Iranian women still wear the traditional head scarves, but many now wear them with tight-fitting jeans--at once a religious, political and fashion statement. Students recently packed lecture halls at Tehran University to hear a series of talks straightforwardly billed "Transition to Democracy." One of the speakers was Mohsen Kadivar, a young cleric who talks...
...mutual-fund industry, but last week Fidelity Investments, run by Edward C. (Ned) Johnson III, right, cut expenses on five of its index mutual funds. The move, which follows other fee cuts, like the elimination of many funds' sales charges, was a direct swipe at index-fund leader Vanguard Group and a nod to the increasing popularity of exchange-traded funds--low-cost baskets of stock that track particular indexes and trade on stock exchanges. Expenses on the five funds, which are pegged to such benchmarks as the S&P 500 or the Wilshire 5000, are now just...
...first time that Zennstrom has pursued a counterintuitive business model. In 2000 he and Skype co-founder Janus Friis launched Kazaa, a peer-to-peer exchange that allowed users to swap music and videos online. Now Zennstrom is at the vanguard of voice over Internet protocol (VOIP), a technology that lets voice traffic travel over the Internet. Gartner Inc. analyst Katja Ruud estimates that about 100 million people worldwide will use VOIP by 2008. Even telecom giants like AT&T, BT Group and Verizon realize they have to offer VOIP. Zennstrom practices extreme VOIP: free calls and free software...
...birthday--big-wave surfers have set their sights on a loftier, more hubris-laden goal: a 100-ft. wave. "Twenty years ago, no one would ever have conceived of [riding] a 100-ft. wave," says Sam George, editor of Surfer magazine. "But the surfers that are really at the vanguard today are confident they can ride [one]." In 2001 they were further emboldened in their quest when Billabong, an Australian surfwear company, set up the Billabong Odyssey, a fund to pay for surfers to travel anywhere in the world in pursuit of a 100-ft. wave. Billabong will award...
...building. All in all, Shanghai's much-vaunted nocturnal skyline?100 times brighter than the Australian capital of Canberra's, crow local urban planners?consumes the same amount of electricity as the city receives from the Three Gorges Dam, now in its first stage of operation. And, as the vanguard of all things cool in China, Shanghai has inspired similarly wasteful lighting schemes in other metropolises such as Tianjin, Nanjing and Kunming. "Shanghai has the opportunity to influence other cities, but right now it's not setting a very good example," says Tongji University's Long...