Word: vapor
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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While testing his metal in alloys (lithium had been used to harden lead, purify copper), Ness noticed that the little furnace did not burn out as soon as expected, discovered that lithium vapor was preventing oxidation of the steel. Then it was found that a little lithium lasted a long time because it was being chemically regenerated from its own oxide by the carbon monoxide present in the fuel gas. This discovery the Patent Office refused to believe until U.S. examiners went to the little brick laboratory in Newark, saw with their own eyes how lithium worked. Then they granted...
...Ford, dolomite is powdered, calcined (burned in a kiln) and mixed with ferrosilicon-an electric-furnace product of silicon and iron long used in steelmaking. The mixture is pressed into briquettes and charged into furnaces. When these are heated under vacuum, magnesium vapor is given off, and it crystallizes as on removable steel sleeves...
...powerful preventive against pneumonia, influenza and other respiratory diseases may be promised by a brilliant series of experiments conducted during the last three years at the University of Chicago's Billings Hospital. Dr. Oswald Hope Robertson last week was making final tests with a new germicidal vapor-propylene glycol-to sterilize air. If the results so far obtained are confirmed, one of the age-old searches of man will finally achieve its goal...
...Many chemicals were found to kill airborne micro-organisms quickly, even in concentrations as low as one gram of chemical per 500 cu. ft. of air. Trouble was that all these air germicides smelled bad, or were toxic, or irritated the respiratory tract. Dr. Robertson's propylene glycol vapor is odorless, tasteless, nontoxic, non-irritating, cheap, highly bactericidal...
...mice who have breathed it for long periods. But medical science is cautious-there was still a remote chance that glycol might accumulate harmfully in the erect human lungs which, unlike those of mice, do not drain themselves. So last June Dr. Robertson began studying the effect of glycol vapor on monkeys imported from the University of Puerto Rico's School of Tropical Medicine. So far, after many months' exposure to the vapor, the monkeys are happy and fatter than ever. Dr. Robertson does not expect mankind to live, like his monkeys, continuously in an atmosphere of glycol...