Word: vapor
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...quart from $50 to $5, the time from 24 hours to two hours or less. In the neighborhood of absolute zero, ordinary lubricants freeze hard as iron and Kapitza's problem was to find a lubricant for his compressor. He solved the problem by allowing a little helium vapor to squeeze through the piston clearance, so that the helium itself did the lubricating...
...loneliness. Few had sought and none had won a third election to the Presidency. Knowing U. S. history as a boy knows batting averages, Franklin Roosevelt knew that he had left the shelter of precedent, had pushed off on a course without chart or landmark. Through the vapor that is the future he could steer only by the North Star of his own purpose...
...rich in hydrogen, lightest of gases and hence the most likely to escape from a planet's gravitational pull. The big planets are massive enough still to retain most of their original hydrogen, hence the ammonia and methane. The young earth locked up some useful hydrogen in water vapor and fortunately lost most of the rest...
...researchers have chilled certain salts to the astonishing temperature of .003°K. The method makes use of the principle that magnetization heats matter, demagnetization chills it. After preliminary cooling with liquid helium, the salt is magnetized, the heat thus generated drawn off into a jacket filled with helium vapor; then demagnetization pushes the substance down one notch further into the cold. But the limits of this method, as applied to the magnet ism of molecules, have been nearly reached...
...apparatus which wakes a drowsing automobile driver by blowing ammonia vapor into his face when he relaxes his grip on the wheel...