Word: vapor
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...October 1937 two N.A.C.A. engineers patented a continuous system for using exhaust gases to vaporize water in a boiler built around the exhaust pipe. The vapor traveled into a long, perforated pipe inside the front edge of the wing; the condensed vapor drained back into the boiler. The boiler added more weight to the plane, and there was always the leakage danger inherent in any water-circulation system. But this impracticable system was the beginning of last week's new idea...
...blazing sun popped over the rim of the cloud world. When the coastal rally point was reached, the Forts were arranged in an irregular flying box formation, not unlike the classic battle phalanx. The highest planes were cascading mile-long vapor trails. Over the Channel, the clouds disappeared. Not a boat rippled the Channel's surface. Far out on either side, Spitfires raced along, occasionally tipping their wings to warn the eager fortress gunners not to fire on them...
While testing his metal in alloys (lithium had been used to harden lead, purify copper), Ness noticed that the little furnace did not burn out as soon as expected, discovered that lithium vapor was preventing oxidation of the steel. Then it was found that a little lithium lasted a long time because it was being chemically regenerated from its own oxide by the carbon monoxide present in the fuel gas. This discovery the Patent Office refused to believe until U.S. examiners went to the little brick laboratory in Newark, saw with their own eyes how lithium worked. Then they granted...
There are other controlled-atmosphere processes using pure nitrogen, ammonia gas, etc., and eliminating oxygen, water vapor and carbon dioxide. But the lithium system provides a neutral atmosphere so simple to handle that little skill is needed. Air and fuel gas are automatically circulated, picking up lithium vapor from a small, renewable cartridge about the size of a tin cup, which lasts for eight hours. As long as the exhaust gas burns with the bright scarlet flame characteristic of the spectrum of lithium salts, any workman not color-blind can see that the furnace is working properly...
...Ford, dolomite is powdered, calcined (burned in a kiln) and mixed with ferrosilicon-an electric-furnace product of silicon and iron long used in steelmaking. The mixture is pressed into briquettes and charged into furnaces. When these are heated under vacuum, magnesium vapor is given off, and it crystallizes as on removable steel sleeves...