Word: vatican
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...Philadelphia's Polish American John Krol, partly because of Wojtyla's familiarity with their nations and partly because of his doctrinal conservatism and antiCommunism. The original impetus came from a more liberal nucleus of Europeans rallied by Austria's Franz Konig, who stressed Wojtyla's commitment to the Second Vatican Council's reforms...
That Sunday came to be known as the "Italian day." The lead candidates were Benelli, 57, who for a decade had virtually run the Vatican as Substitute Secretary of State, and Genoa's ultraconservative Giuseppe Siri, 72. After Sunday's first ballot had been completed, Siri quickly showed his strength among Curialists and other conservatives, gaining 46 of the necessary 75 votes on the second ballot. Benelli was second. Blocs of votes went to other Italians?Milan's Giovanni Colombo, the Curia's Sergio Pignedoli, Naples' Corrado Ursi?and scattered votes to other Italians and a few non-Italians...
...break, Siri slipped back; Benelli gained, but never reached more than 36. Ugo Poletti, Vicar Cardinal of Rome, got 30 votes as an unsuccessful compromise candidate. It was becoming clear that the Curial-conservative alliance would not accept Benelli, who had alienated them with his power-wielding at the Vatican; paradoxically, he was now deemed an anti-Curialist, partly for his backing of John Paul I. Nor were Benelli's backers about to vote for a dinosaur like Siri, who had recently been quoted in a Turin paper as saying, "Collegiality? I don't even know what that...
...Jagiellonian, the historic university of Cracow, where he majored in philology, but after the Nazi occupation shut down the school he spent World War II working in a stone quarry and a chemical factory. There are persistent rumors that he was engaged or married during this time. The Vatican last week officially denied them, as do friends from those years. However, like many a young man he had an active social life, and at least one steady girlfriend. A devout tailor interested him in the writings of St. John of the Cross, Spain's 16th century Carmelite mystic...
...higher education in any Communist country?and soon became head of the ethics department. He became an assistant bishop and in 1962, at a young 42, in effect the Archbishop of Cracow. He first established the international regard and contacts that were to make him Pope during the Second Vatican Council (1962-65). During the council he made eight speeches, the most memorable in favor of religious liberty. Church honors followed: a Cardinal's red hat in 1967, election as one of three Europeans on the council of the world bishops' synod in 1974, an invitation to conduct the Lenten...