Word: vectored
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...with colleagues Dr. R. Michael Blaese and Dr. Kenneth Culver, extracted T cells from the little girl's blood and exposed them to a mouse-leukemia retrovirus that had been rendered harmless and endowed with a normal ADA gene. Invading the T cell, the retrovirus acted as a vector, depositing its genetic material, including the ADA gene, in the cell nucleus. After the re-engineered T cells were cultured, a process that produced billions of them, they were infused back into the child's bloodstream, where their new gene began producing the ADA enzyme...
...experts outside the Pentagon. It is called "develop -- but wait." Perform the R. and D., in short, but go to production only if the imagined threat clearly emerges and if the cost is manageable. A more idealistic version advocated by Seth Bonder, president of a Michigan think tank called Vector Research, would encourage the Pentagon to invest in R. and D. but actually build new weapons only if they would correct an impending imbalance with the Soviet Union; it should pass up those that would give the U.S. a destabilizing military advantage...