Word: venous
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...with other youngsters, he turned blue and gasped for breath. When he was five, doctors at the Grace-New Haven Community Hospital found that his heart had only one ventricle (lower chamber). The result was that freshly oxygenated blood from the lungs was mixed in this chamber with used venous blood and pumped both ways-some back to the lungs, some out through the arteries. Kent also had his aorta and pulmonary artery transposed and had a narrowed valve leading from heart to lungs. With this miserably inefficient arrangement, the boy's heart was overworked, was doomed to fail...
...hole, half an inch across, cut in the side of the superior vena cava, and stitched it in, like a plumber's elbow joint. Then he tied off the vein near its normal entrance to the auricle. In this way, 30% to 40% of Kent's venous blood (the proportion carried by the superior vena cava) bypassed the right heart completely, went directly to the lungs for oxygenation, then into the left heart. In the common ventricle it was still mixed with venous blood from the inferior vena cava, but the proportion of well-oxygenated blood was more...
...tourniquet is now "mentioned principally to discourage its use," which should be only for "severe, life-threatening hemorrhage that cannot be controlled by other means," i.e., only for massive arterial bleeding, never for venous bleeding. Once in place, it should not be loosened every 15 minutes (as formerly advised), but left tight until a physician takes over. Alternative to the tourniquet: pressure by hand over the wound, or on the artery above the wound...
...aides spirited Togliatti off to an obscure villa owned by a party member, surrounded it with guards, summoned Trieste's best neurologist and telephoned Rome for the doctor who had operated on Togliatti's skull in 1950. "Venous congestion due to sunstroke," the doctors said in a joint communiqué; language had in it the suggestion that Togliatti had been struck down by a blood clot. It was plainly more than "indisposition," as Togliatti's own doctor let slip some days later. "It must not be forgotten, the state of tension of the honorable Togliatti on that...
...point of the rocket flight: the desensitized mouse clung to his perch, "whereas the normal animal clawed at the air, suggesting disorientation." A subsequent experiment with monkeys "clearly established the fact that the weightless state itself produces no disturbance of circulation in terms of heart rate or arterial and venous blood pressures," says Major Simons. "This does not mean that the circulation might not be involved secondarily due to emotional and autonomic reactions to weightlessness...