Word: violas
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...trial began, a Harvard graduate student rose to read a petition which Ryan had circulated around Harvard to gain support for his position. Viola ordered him removed from the courtroom. Midway through the trial, he also ejected a group of five or six people for heckling him. As Viola began constantly overruling Ryan's arguments, the spectators hissed and booed him, and he repeatedly threatened to clear the courtroom. Finally, the judge placed a policeman in the rear of the court with orders to arrest anyone who made a sound during the trial...
Suddenly, during Ryan's summation, police arrested John Pennington '68-4, National Secretary of SDS, and charged him with contempt of court. Then, after cutting Ryan off for the last time, Viola ordered the courtroom cleared. As one or two plainclothesmen ushered the coterie of Harvard officials into a safe corner, Ryan's witnesses and 75 spectators were forcefully driven out and away from the courtroom building. During the mel?c, police seized three other spectators on charges ranging from disorderly conduct to assault and battery on a policeman. All four arrested now face prison terms...
...When Judge Viola had the courtroom cleared, Cheyney's witnesses were dragged from the witness seats; the Harvard witnesses, Deans May and Williamson and Archibald Cox, were allowed to stay. Plainclothesmen inside punched and shoved a number of the spectators, and when the latter started calling for the Harvard representatives to come out, police produced clubs and beat students out of the courthouse and down several streets...
...reason for all this was in the meanwhile becoming clear. Viola and the Harvard witnesses retired to the judge's chambers to confer for ten minutes...
...judge then reappeared and asked the prosecuting attorney, "You don't really need to make a closing argument, do you?" "No," he grinned. Viola then announced Harvard's verdict: conviction on both counts and a maximum sentence...