Word: viral
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...properties and do other things that ought to enable you to treat disease successfully." That is precisely what Anderson and his colleagues did eight years ago in the first approved use of gene therapy, when they removed blood cells from a young patient, genetically altered them with a viral vector and infused them back into her bloodstream...
...same be done directly to cells within the human body? "That's where we hit the wall in the early 1990s," recalls Dr. James Wilson, director of the Institute for Human Gene Therapy at the University of Pennsylvania. One problem was that the body's immune system regarded the viral carriers as foreign invaders, and its response caused inflammation and swelling at the injection site. The antibodies that developed in response to the virus caused further difficulties. "In a very unfortunate turn of events," Wilson explains, "the patients would become immune against the therapy...
...early gene-therapy trial for cystic fibrosis, inflammation caused by the viral carrier, an altered adenovirus, was so severe that the FDA ordered a halt to the effort, casting a pall over all the other trials--and the field in general. More problems plagued the researchers. In many cases the implanted genes failed to "turn on," or express themselves, and were unable to command the cells to produce the protein they were supposed to provide. Some operated for a while and then inexplicably shut down...
...tacit preparation for death, then his difficult readjustment to life. Sullivan makes it clear that along with the euphoria that followed the realization that he was going to live came a surprising anticlimax. It seemed that life was most precious when it was about to end. As his viral load of AIDS plummeted, Sullivan's relief was countered by an unexpected banality. And so, Love Undetectable is divided into three essays that explore the spectrum of thoughts that germinated from Sullivan's AIDS diagnosis, former anticipation of death and recent renewal of life...
Researchers pinpointed a moment in the encodingof the second strand of viral DNA at which one newbuilding block of DNA, known as a nucleotide, isadded...