Word: virality
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...simian cousin of the AIDS virus. To simulate oral sex, researchers dribbled an SIV solution onto the tongues of seven animals. Then, for comparison, they carefully placed SIV in the rectums of eight other monkeys. Much to their surprise, they found that it took less of the viral solution to infect a monkey orally than rectally--6,000 times less...
University Health Services (UHS) Director David S. Rosenthal '59 worked with colleagues at UHS, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta, the Massachusetts Department of Public Health and the Harvard University School of Public Health, to study the illness identified as viral gastroenteritis...
...used polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) to multiply the viral products and sequence the viral units," Rosenthal said...
...accurate gauge of the progress of the disease. It can also predict survival. In a study of 181 HIV-positive patients, 65% of the subjects who began the study with 34,500 or more virus particles per milliliter were dead within five years. By contrast, all the subjects whose viral load was fewer than 5,000 particles survived. The hope is that when virus-testing kits become widely available, doctors will be able to judge accurately which patients are doing O.K. and which need aggressive therapy...
...strongest evidence that some people are immune to viral infection comes from Africa, where scientists are studying 58 Nairobi women who have worked as prostitutes. None of them show a trace of HIV in their systems, though each has had unprotected sex with hundreds, perhaps thousands, of HIV-infected men. Scientists suspect their blood may be blessed with killer T cells that are particularly ferocious, able to totally annihilate the invading virus before it can take hold and replicate. (See pictures of Africa's AIDS crisis...