Word: virality
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...assaults the cells of the immune system by latching on to a protein "receptor," named CD4, found on the cells' surface. When an invader attacks the body, the CD4 molecule normally helps mobilize the immune system's defenses. In this case, though, HIV fools the CD4 receptor into allowing viral particles into the cell. Hovanessian reported last week that his team had found a second receptor, called CD26, that helps the virus enter the cell after it has attached itself to CD4. If Hovanessian is correct, scientists might be able to devise drug treatments that block access to the CD26...
...piping that keeps the Des Moines area's 250,000 residents supplied with drinking water; it & will take a month to disinfect the system. Tetanus is another concern, especially for sandbaggers and rescuers slogging through the slimy silt and sewage-invested waters. And then there is encephalitis, a viral disease that inflames the spinal cord and brain and can produce a combination of low-grade fever, seizures and even coma. It is transmitted by mosquitoes, whose numbers are expected to explode along the saturated bottomlands in the coming weeks...
...unfortunate error, which we regret, occurred in our laboratory," the group said in the statement. "The error, albeit regrettable, does not negate the rationale for triple drug therapy directed against the same viral target...
...years later, Shaw and his wife Stephanie still wonder whether they could have done anything to save their child. Doctors assured them that they were blameless, since no one knows what causes otherwise healthy babies to stop breathing -- although everything from viral infections to secondhand smoke has been implicated. "Whether it's rational or not, you feel guilt," says Shaw. "It's like being haunted by a little ghost for the rest of your life...
...path that led medical researchers to beta interferon was hardly straightforward. Initially, some scientists believed attacks characteristic of multiple sclerosis might be triggered by chronic viral infections. So in 1984 they began testing gamma interferon, one of the body's own antiviral weapons, in MS patients. To their horror, patients became dramatically worse. The false step proved instructive however. "It told us that gamma interferon was a major player in this disease," explains neurologist Dr. Kenneth Johnson of the University of Maryland at Baltimore...