Word: virologist
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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There is not, and cannot be, a realistic rule for classifying science or scientists. Physicist Emilio Segrč, a 1959 Nobelman for his explorations into the Alice-Through-the-Looking-Glass world of antimatter, is a master of pure theory. Virologist John Enders, with his struggles to understand submicroscopic organisms, has given mankind a powerful biological tool to produce immunization against diseases. Physicist Charles Townes, from his theoretical speculations about microwaves, sired one of the most revolutionary devices of the age: the maser, of immense practical application not only on earth but in seeking out the wonders of the universe. Geneticist...
Cancer, too, is a target of molecular biology. Harvard's Dr. John Enders, a virologist whose tissue cultures made polio vaccine possible, believes that some cancers in lower animals are certainly caused by viruses. "Recent work has shown," he says, "that malignant cells that develop after infection by a virus do not necessarily continue to hold the virus. They lose the virus but continue to grow, and can pass cells to other animals without the virus' being present. It looks as if the function of the virus is to start the cell going wrong. Then it can continue...
...joke. In much of the world the disease is treated lightly, partly from ignorance, partly because it is an almost certain incident of growing up. But measles is, in fact, all too often a killer or the cause of mental crippling. Last week Harvard's famed Virologist John F. Enders and 18 research colleagues, scattered from Colorado to Yugoslavia, reported dramatic progress in efforts to make a safe and sure vaccine against measles...
Almost casually, in highly technical discussions held by the University of Pennsylvania's School of Veterinary Medicine, it was disclosed that Chairman Richard E. Shope, 58, virologist of the Rockefeller Institute, had become infected and the subject of a scientific first. Dr. Shope, working in Ocean County where encephalitis was raging, pitched energetically into the disease-detective work, collecting mosquitoes suspected of transmitting the virus. Inevitably, he was bitten. For a while he felt no ill effects. But during a mid-October train ride, Dr. Shope began to suffer chills; his muscles ached and his joints hurt. Next...