Word: viruses
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...encephalomyelitis this year were a few scattered cases of encephalitis ("sleeping sickness") among children on farms in southwestern Massachusetts. Encephalitis, or inflammation of the brain, is ordinarily not widespread in the U. S. Its last large epidemic occurred in St. Louis in 1933. Cause of the disease is a virus of which little is known. Its most prominent symptoms are high fever, headache, delirium, restlessness or lethargy, double-vision, paralysis or involuntary jerking of fingers, arms, legs. Unpredictable are its after-effects which may include "parkinsonian mask," (complete absence of facial expression), insanity, sexual perversion, tremors and tics...
...searching review of the yellow-fever problem entitled Yellow Jack Breaks Jail, by Physician Victor G. Heiser. Its discouraging findings were that the enigma of yellow fever has not yet, after all, been completely solved. Theory has been that the Aedes mosquito was the only carrier, and that the virus required a human host. But exhaustive research has since proved that the Aedes aegypti mosquito is not the only carrier, and that men are not the only hosts to the yellow fever virus; that it can be harbored by many other creatures (TIME, April...
...size. Molecular weight of ethyl alcohol, for example, is 46 units; * of sodium chloride (salt), 58.5; of the hormone secretin, 5,000; of hemoglobin, about 68,000; of the thyroid substance thyroglobulin, about 700,000. Dr. Wendell Meredith Stanley and his associates at the Rockefeller Institute have crystallized the virus which causes mosaic disease in tobacco, found that it weighs 17,000,000 units (TIME, Nov.15). A rabbit wart virus was found to weigh 20,000,000 units, a horse encephalitis virus 25,000,000. Even these monster molecules are so small that they pass through the pores...
Poliomyelitis is transmitted by a virus. Polio-encephalitis appears to be caused by a streptococcus. Dr. Edward Carl Rose-now of the Mayo Foundation cultured streptococci from inflamed muscles, injected the culture into monkeys, reproduced the disease in them. In infantile paralysis, the affected muscles are withered and flaccid; in polio-encephalitis they are not-but they are so acutely inflamed and painful that spasms often occur and any movement is impossible. Furthermore, the seat of infantile paralysis is in the spinal cord, whereas the seat of polio-encephalitis is in the brain...
Following their announcement came another of possibly greater future importance to the treatment of all virus diseases - the common cold, measles, smallpox, infantile paralysis, influenza, distemper. The Columbia University bacteriologist who proved that colds and influenza are due to viruses, ruddy, reticent Dr. Alphonse Raymond Dochez, reported in Science that, with the help of Dr. Charles Arthur Slanetz, he has prevented and cured distemper in dogs, cats and ferrets by injections of a new drug-sodium sulfanilyl sulfanilate. This drug, a sulfur derivative like sulfanilamide which cures certain bacterial diseases (due to streptococcus, etc.), appears, according to Drs. Dochez & Slanetz...