Word: viruses
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...knows what causes "mono" although most authorizes favor a virus. However, no transmissible agent has ever been isolated. Doctors, although they do not know the specific cause, claim that young unmarried people who are often fatigued are particularly vulnerable. Perhaps this explains why the colleges and school infirmaries have from five to seven-hundred percent more cases than do public hospitals in the same area. The student who suffers form football weekends and hour exams is more liable to suffer than the office worker who enjoys neither of these benefits...
...southwestern Indiana, public-health officials were fighting to contain a month-old epidemic of encephalitis (an inflammation of the brain caused by a virus) that has already killed ten persons and hospitalized about 40. One theory is that the infection was transmitted to humans from birds or horses that had been infected by disease-carrying mosquitoes...
...there? "The exact reasons," the PHS reported, "could not be found." But the PHS ruled out contamination after manufacture and testing. The only alternative: "Inadequate inactivation" of the virus, not caught because of "fundamental weaknesses" in PHS's own safety tests...
...hailing the report as a complete vindication. "A weight is off my shoulders," Dr. Cutter told a friend. "I'm going home and work with my camellias.'' But U.S. Surgeon General Leonard Scheele said: "[The report] was not favorable or unfavorable ... It says there was some virus in some Cutter vaccine." Asked if PHS found Cutter production or testing was "sloppy," Scheele replied: "No evidence was found to indicate anything done by Cutter to short cut or be sloppy deliberately...
...virus is inactivated by mixing it with a formaldehyde solution. The key to the correct process is using just the right amount of formaldehyde and letting the brew simmer for just the right duration; too much or too long may cook the virus to a point where the vaccine is useless, while the opposite may allow live virus to remain. Under the new PHS safety procedures, manufacturers must make numerous tests on large batches of the formaldehyde-virus broth (only small samples were tested before). Now samples of every batch of vaccine are submitted to PHS laboratories (earlier, PHS examined...