Word: viruses
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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While U.S. health officials still rely exclusively on Salk killed-virus vaccine in the fight against poliomyelitis, a dozen countries around the world are testing live-virus preparations-all developed, ironically, in the U.S. Early results are highly promising, and so far no ill effects have been reported despite the seemingly greater danger with live virus...
...simplicity. His staff had to put only one droplet in a teaspoonful of syrup, and the kids swallowed it-thus cutting out the need for hypodermic needles, which are expensive and can be dangerous. Then there was the economy: one-hundredth of the injection dose. Perhaps most important: live virus taken by mouth multiplies in the digestive tract, quickly triggers development of antibodies and protects the whole system. The Russians argue that the killed form, injected into the bloodstream, safeguards only the nervous system (against paralysis...
...polio vaccine, had 300 liters on ice-enough for 10 million people. No small operators, Chumakov and colleagues dreamed of immunizing all the Soviet Union's 200 million people regardless of age (600 million doses, since vaccine for one strain of each of polio's three main virus types is given in separate swigs, a month apart). Satellite Czechoslovakia has used all three types, immunized...
...project, but because highly detailed studies are continuing on the 542 subjects (285 adults, 257 children), only preliminary reports have been made. The gist: children show a full antibody response, as expected; in adults the antibody rise is less marked, may be complicated by earlier infections. Proponents of live-virus vaccines are confident that eventually their one-drop capsules or laced syrups will virtually displace the needle and killed-virus preparations even...
...kind of disaster-and-triumph series that makes opera legends. Rehearsing the part of Anne Trulove in Washington's Opera Society production of Stravinsky's The Rake's Progress, the soprano was felled by a virus; she left the role to Baltimore's Phyllis Frankel, a singer who studied for an operatic career with famed Soprano Rosa Ponselle, has appeared with New York City Opera. Then the title-role tenor came down with laryngitis during dress rehearsal, was replaced by Mallory Walker, a 23-year-old soldier from Fort Myer, Va., where he is singing...