Word: viruses
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Interferon is a large hormone-like protein produced by the cells of all vertebrate animals. It was discovered in 1957 in Britain by Virologists Alick Isaacs and Jean Lindenmann during their investigation of a curious phenomenon: people are almost never infected by more than one virus at a time. Seeking an explanation, the researchers infected cells from chick embryos with influenza virus. What they found was a substance that protected the chick cells from both the flu and other viruses. Because it interfered with the infection process, it was dubbed interferon...
...very attuned to the possibility of salmonella right now, but we're not sure yet if the students have food poisoning or some other kind of virus," Postel said. "The illness may be wholly unrelated to food" he added...
Arber, 49, first postulated the existence of restriction enzymes in the early 1960s while studying viruses that invade bacteria. After labeling a virus with a radioactive isotope that acted as a tracer, Arber found that when the virus entered a bacterium, most of the viral DNA was destroyed...
Using the enzyme discovered by his colleague, Nathans, 49, applied it to his work with a monkey virus, SV40, known to cause cancer in animals...
Krause said often the symptoms of salmonella resemble those of a virus or flu infection, "so Joe Public doesn't always know what we're looking...