Word: visualizes
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...carved from the inside of her skull. A video camera, worn on a cap, transmits images in the form of radio signals to the stimulator, which converts these signals into electrical impulses and sends them along Marie's optic nerve. The optic nerve ferries the signals to Marie's visual cortex, where they are reassembled into an image: in this case, a collection of red, blue and yellow Lego bricks. "The device is an integral part of my body," Marie says. "I don't feel it. I completely ignore it." Marie is one of only about a dozen people...
...slim tunnel of vision through which she could still manage to recognize objects and read with difficulty. But then as her cone cells failed, this last narrow window on the world snapped shut and she was left completely blind - even though her retina retained a healthy connection to the visual centers of her brain through a functioning optic nerve. Marie's implant splices into the live line of the optic nerve to enable her to see again...
Marie's artificial visual system is called the Microsystem-based Visual Prosthesis (MIVIP) and was designed by Claude Veraart and collaborators at the University of Louvain. The MIVIP consists of a cuff electrode implanted around Marie's right optic nerve. The electrode wraps around the optic nerve like the little plastic sheath on the end of a shoelace. It is connected to a thin cable that snakes its way from the optic nerve exiting the back of Marie's eye and weaves around the outside of her brain to the stimulator implanted in a small cavity in her cranium...
Since the camera's visual range is narrow, Marie has to scan an image by slowly moving her head from left to right and up and down until she's covered the entire screen. As the camera criss-crosses the visual field, a rapid series of electrical stimulations is sent to her optic nerve. The number of electrical stimulations depends on the number of live pixels on the screen; the more there are, the easier and quicker it is to compile an image. Marie reconstructs the image from what appear to be a series of strobe flashes, an experience that...
Upon starting to lecture, every professor at Harvard should have three things at his or her disposal: chalk, a visual projector and 35 inches of lead pipe. All three are tools for teaching a lesson, but I feel the third would make the point most bluntly. And the professor would be required to use it every time a student’s phone goes...