Word: vitamine
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Dates: during 1920-1929
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...first vitamin ever to be lassoed and corralled has been isolated by Dr. Walter H. Eddy, Professor of Physiological Chemistry in Teachers' College, Columbia University. The nutrition experts have known a lot about vitamins for years, without being able to touch, taste, see, hear or smell them; some unfeeling sceptics have insinuated that it was all moonshine. But Dr. Eddy showed a group of his colleagues four test tubes containing 70 milligrams of a crystalline substance, Vitamine D, which he prefers to call by the name of "bios" first used by Professor Wildiers, of the University of Louvain, Belgium...
Collaborating with Dr. Eddy are Dr. R. R. Williams, chemist of the Western Electric Company, and Dr. Ralph Kerr, of the department of organic chemistry at Columbia. They are now working to produce the new vitamin synthetically. Their work may lay a basis for future synthetic foods to form a scientific diet, though the authentic vitamin scientists have nothing but condemnation for the various commercial tablets, cakes, etc., now on the market. The best diet can still be secured from natural foods...
...Dutch scientist named Eijkman discovered that fowls contract a certain disease like beriberi if fed upon polished rice; that they can be cured by feeding them the part of the rice grain removed in polishing. In 1911 Casimir Funk, a Pole, proposed the name vitamine for this essential substance, whatever it was. Since that time vitamin has followed vitamin in quick succession?mainly discovered in U. S. laboratories. The orthodox three are "Fat-soluble A," "Water-soluble B," and "Water-soluble C." Then. there is Vitamin X," the reproductive vitamin. And lately many investigators have been working...
Wildiers discovered over 20 years ago that the micro-organisms of yeast will grow rapidly in beer wort, but not in artificial media. He called the unknown agent of growth "bios" in a book called La Cellule. In 1916 Dr. Williams suggested that the substance previously called Vitamin B was identical with Wildiers' "bios." Extracts of some substances known to be rich in B stimulate yeast growth, and many substances have been tested for yeast stimulation as a means of measuring their B content...
...Funk and Dubin showed that the yeast-stimulating power might be merely accidentally associated with Vitamin B. When an extract rich in B is shaken with Fuller's earth all its anti-neuritic power (power to cure beriberi, the chief characteristic of Vitamin B) is removed, though it continues to stimulate yeast. Funk therefore proposed that Vitamin B was really two vitamins?B, the anti-neuritic, and D, the yeast-stimulating. Dr. E. V. McCollum, of Johns Hopkins University, one of the pioneer American investigators of vitamins, has also used the term Vitamin D for a factor present...