Word: vitro
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...then switching to the more powerful Metrodin. Neither she nor Kenny wanted to wait a year this time, so she went on Metrodin right away--though, on Hauser's advice, at a lower dose. But while doctors can carefully control the number of embryos they insert with in-vitro fertilization, fertility drugs are basically a roll of the dice...
...George Washington. And since 1978, when the world's first test-tube baby was born, researchers have assembled a battery of medicines and high-tech procedures that have utterly transformed the treatment of infertility. More than 33,000 babies have been born in the U.S. thanks to in-vitro (literally, "in glass") fertilization, or IVF--nearly 7,000 in 1994 alone, the most recent year for which numbers are available...
Americans will undoubtedly be the biggest consumers of these new procedures, just as they are of current treatments. However, many existing assisted-reproduction therapies were developed overseas. The world's first in-vitro baby, Louise Brown, was born in England. The first baby born from a frozen embryo is Australian. And it was in a Belgian lab that researchers found a way to inject sperm directly into an egg cell, enabling men with insufficient, slow-moving or feeble sperm to become fathers--a powerful new technique known as intracytoplasmic sperm injection, or ICSI...
After six unsuccessful tries, the Bielickis decided to go for what Anita calls "the whole banana"--in-vitro fertilization at Chicago's Center for Human Reproduction. It worked the first time, and in 1993 Anita gave birth to Andrea. Later attempts were unsuccessful, so the following year they tried ICSI. Result: their second daughter, Elizabeth...
...same holds true for many other experimental therapies emerging from the lab. One of the most promising is a technique that keeps embryos growing for a few extra days in a Petri dish. Until recently, clinicians had to put in-vitro embryos into the uterus when they were just one or two days old and relatively fragile. After that, the embryos' metabolism changes, rendering standard growth mixtures useless for nourishing them. That's why clinics insert several at once, which raises the odds of success but often produces triplets, quads and even quints...