Word: volcanologists
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...impoverished area of southeastern Mexico, where the Zoque Indians scratch out a living by farming the volcano's slopes, it erupted with much less fury than Mount St. Helens and gave off only a fourth to a sixth as much debris as its Yankee rival. But as Volcanologist Wendell Duffield of the U.S. Geological Survey notes, "At Mount St. Helens the barrel of the cannon was pointed laterally. At El Chichón it was pointed straight up." The result: the Mexican volcano injected much more dust, ash and sulfur dioxide into the stratosphere, where the particles would...
...have struck without specific warning, as in Italy last week, and in Algeria last October. Only a year and a half after the Haicheng temblor, an 8.2 quake near Tangshan, 90 miles southeast of Peking, caught seismologists by surprise and killed as many as 650,000. Says Polish-born Volcanologist Haroun Tazieff: "At the present level of research, nature almost always surprises...
...form a dome or cap over the vents. Eventually the dome should become massive enough to plug up the volcano like a cork in a bottle. But the corking process may be interrupted by repeated explosions, as pressure builds up underneath and ruptures the newly formed dome. Admits U.S.G.S. Volcanologist Charles Zablocki: "We are going to school on this...
Moreover, as scientists look into space, they are finding that volcanism helped shape the moon, Mars, Venus and smaller bodies, like the Jovian moon Io. Says Volcanologist Martin Prinz of the American Museum of Natural History in New York City: "I can't imagine an earthlike planet without volcanic activity...