Word: voroshilov
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...original audience. The paintings presuppose a knowledge of Russian society, and above all a saturation with its period propaganda, that few in the West can claim. Why did it matter for political purposes that the writer Maxim Gorky should be depicted taking lessons on the rifle range from Marshal Voroshilov, the commissar of war? It mattered because Gorky, though a literary favorite and a devoted friend of Lenin's, was opposed to shooting, and this bothered Stalin...
...voters want Lenin excised, nonetheless, in the well-established Soviet tradition of exorcising demons of the past by rewriting place names. The city of Lugansk has flip-flopped titles four times: Stalin made it Voroshilovgrad, after Marshal Kliment Voroshilov; Khrushchev restored the original name in his anti-Stalin campaign; his successors -- deciding that purge had gone too far -- changed it back to Voroshilovgrad; and finally (well, at least for now), the city is called Lugansk again...
...thinking," and it was a major theme of Crowe's tour. The U.S.S.R. would launch its missiles, he was told, only in retaliation, never in a first strike. Near Minsk he observed an armored unit practice "tactical withdrawal" (i.e., retreat) in response to an enemy attack. At the Voroshilov General Staff Academy in Moscow, where senior officers play war games on huge maps, an instructor stressed that for the past two years, the scenarios have $ always begun with the other side shooting first. Neither host nor guest was so rude as to make the obvious point that in almost...
There was some speculation last fall that Ogarkov might have taken over command of the western forces of the Warsaw Pact or that he had been appointed head of the Voroshilov Academy of the General Staff in Moscow. The obituary, however, placed his name alongside those of the chiefs of the Main Political Directorate of the Armed Forces, which oversees the Communist Party's control over the military. If Ogarkov has indeed become a sort of political commissar, it would be an ironic appointment for a career officer with a reputation for being at odds with the party's views...
Central Asia and Siberia, and was lucky enough to be able to proclaim a bumper wheat crop for 1956. In 1960 he succeeded Marshal Kliment Voroshilov in the post of Soviet President. Brezhnev took advantage of the undemanding job to travel widely outside the U.S.S.R. as a spokesman for Khrushchev's foreign policy. In 1964 he was a member of the conspiracy against his former mentor that forced Khrushchev into retirement. Brezhnev's reward: the high-ranking post of First Secretary of the Communist Party. In 1966 Brezhnev assumed the grander title of General Secretary that had been...