Word: wüthrich
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Dates: during 2002-2002
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...other half goes to Kurt W?thrich of, 64, of Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich and the Scripps Research Institute in San Diego. Like Tanaka and Fenn, W?thrich took an existing high-tech tool and refined it for use on organic molecules. In this case, the technology was nuclear magnetic resonance (better known in its medical diagnostic form as MRI). It works by bathing a lab sample or a human body with electromagnetic energy and carefully measuring how the atoms and molecules respond. It?s not all that difficult when you?re looking for something big - a tumor inside...
...What W?thrich did in the early 1980s was to find a way to analyze the signal from something dramatically smaller. It involves a lot of mathematics - measuring the distances between hundreds of pairs of hydrogen atoms in a given molecule and then combining all of the distances to yield a three-dimensional diagram of the molecule?s shape. That lets biologists understand disease and drug proteins in a whole new way; it was W?thrich?s technique, for example that led to an understanding of the detailed structure of prions, which are involved in Mad Cow disease. It has also been...
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