Word: wafers
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...that when the two strands of a gene in the double-stranded DNA molecule are separated, each can readily pick its partner out of a crowd of similar molecules. In a typical microarray, thousands of single-stranded gene fragments are fastened to a platform--usually a silicon or glass wafer but sometimes a nylon sheet. The finished assemblage can be as small as a postage stamp. Its purpose is to answer, as comprehensively as possible, what it is that makes one cell different from any other...
...Andy Rooney, by a confused Morley Safer b) A bank robber, by Miami police c) A monogamous boyfriend, by several wafer-thin women...
...dime-size wafer, not expected before 2025, would store micronutrients in hundreds of mini-reservoirs. After the wafer is swallowed, built-in sensors would respond to various chemicals, acids and proteins in the G.I.'s gut signaling hunger. A resulting small electrical charge would dissolve a thin gold cap on a reservoir, releasing the needed nutrients...
...major technology in development at the Center are DNA chips--matrices that contain a large set of genes from a particular organism all mounted on a silicon wafer...
...secret behind Moore's law is that chipmakers double every 18 months or so the number of transistors that can be crammed onto a silicon wafer the size of a fingernail. They do this by etching microscopic grooves onto crystalline silicon with beams of ultraviolet radiation. A typical wire in a Pentium chip is now 1/500 the width of a human hair; the insulating layer is only 25 atoms thick...