Word: wafers
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Some 250 chips are made from one razor-thin wafer of precisely polished silicon about 3 in. in diameter. These wafers, in turn, are sliced from cylinders of extremely pure (99.9%) crystalline silicon, grown somewhat like rock candy. Why silicon? Because it can be either electrically conducting or nonconducting, depending on the impurities added to it. Thus one small area of a chip can be "doped" (as scientists say) with impurities that give it a deficiency of electrons-making it a so-called p (or electrically positive) zone, while an adjacent area gets a surplus of electrons to create...
High points on the ride are few. Central Square is worth checking out just to discover that Cambridge is not all Ivy and academia. Kendall is nowhere, halfway between the Necco candy wafer factory and MIT. But after Kendall the train crosses over the Charles, offering one of the best views of downtown Boston (and the river itself) to be found. The Charles-MGH stop is not worth debarking at, although conversation-wise you should remember that it stands between the largest hospital in New England--Mass General--and one of the few neighborhoods in America still using gas street...
...bishops also came close to endorsing a much-disputed liturgical change advocated by A Call to Action: letting worshipers receive the Communion wafer in the hand instead of on the tongue if they prefer. If enough additional bishops endorse the change in a mail ballot, the proposal will go to the Vatican for final approval. Many conservatives are deeply upset about the new practice, which they consider irreverent. John Cardinal Carberry of St. Louis even warned that wafers might be taken and used in satanic masses...
Much work remained before the treasure could actually be read. The parchment was fragile and wafer-thin (.0039 in.), and the top edge had disintegrated into a fudgelike mass. Yadin's team froze the scroll to help unpeel it and used infra-red and reverse photography to reconstruct damaged portions...
With just 249 of 511 seats, Miki's Liberal Democrats could patch together a wafer-thin majority of three only after gaining the support of nine independents. Though the L.D.P. will still be able to form a government, its era of uncontested dominance is over. For the first time, it will be forced to woo opposition groups and indulge in parliamentary trade-offs and maneuvers...