Word: wages
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Dates: during 1920-1929
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...roads were returned to their owners after two years of Government operation," continued Professor Cunningham, "with depleted earning power and in deteriorated physical condition. During the period of Federal control wage rates and other expenses were greater than increases in revenues, and it was partly to remedy this circumstance that, when Federal control terminated, Congress enacted a new law, known as the Transportation Act of 1920. The law was designed to restore the railroad carrying power, and provided for a transition period of six months in which the railroads could put their properties and organizations on a normal operating basis...
...increases were based. In the second place, the benefit from rate increases was modified adversely by the refusal of some of the states to accept the rate scales prescribed by the Federal Commission. This controversy is now before the Supreme Court. In the third place, the effect of the wage increases granted in 1920 by the Railroad Labor Board and the effect of the working rules of the national agreements entered into by the Director General in the last few months of Federal control, were underestimated. In short, the additional revenues were overestimated and the additional expenses were underestimated...
...third expedient is to reduce wages and to abolish certain restrictive and unjustifiable rules in the national agreements. The railroads are now pressing their petitions before the Railroad Labor Board, and there is likely to be some reduction in wage rates, particularly as regards unskilled labor, which profited to the greatest extent by war conditions, and in working rules. Much publicity has been given to the effect of these restrictive rules. It is not necessary for me to refer to them in detail, but as one example might be cited the case of an important eastern trunk-line, to which...
...determined opposition of New York women to bills now before the Assembly, providing for a forty-eight hour week, minimum wage, and the further prohibition of night work for women, has proved a great surprise to those welfare workers who have been most active in the movement. The Women's Equal Opportunity League of New York has declared that the sex does not relish nor need "the so-called 'protection' of discriminatory legislation". A committee of working women appeared at Albany and urged the repeal of the laws prohibiting night work, asserting that they can stand the strain as well...
...brought to see the follies of existing institutions and the necessity for change. Parliamentary action cannot accomplish the necessary end for a variety of reasons; revolution directed by intelligent, class-conscious members of the proletariat is the only possible solution of the intolerable problem which faces the entire world. Wage-slavery, class divisions, capitalist oppression, all these must go into the discard; the inertia of the working class holds it from action; freedom can come, then only through the determined action of clear-sighted leaders who will bring about the revolution at the most opportune moment, gather together and verify...