Word: ward
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...August Mrs. Jayaben Desai, a tiny Indian immigrant from Tanzania, walked off her job as a film processor in protest against the low wages ($42.50 a week), poor working conditions and compulsory overtime imposed on the predominantly Asian work force by Grunwick's Anglo-Indian managing director George Ward. With six other employees, Mrs. Desai joined the Association of Professional, Executive, Clerical and Computer Staff (APEX), a moderate, nonmilitant, white-collar trade union. In the next few days, more than 100 Grunwick employees joined APEX. Ward, who describes himself as "not antiunion, just nonunion," fired all the workers affiliated...
...retaliation, APEX organized a picket outside the plant. For months Mrs. Desai and a handful of other dismissed employees patrolled in saris outside the gates of Grunwick as policemen eyed them warily. Unable to meet with Ward, APEX enlisted the aid of the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (ACAS), an agency set up by the government's 1975 Employment Protection...
...Ward, advised by the National Association for Freedom, a right-wing organization made up mostly of businessmen, refused to cooperate with ACAS. He rejected its proposal to poll his employees on whether or not they wanted union representation. When ACAS polled the striking workers anyway, they opted for the union. ACAS then recommended that the company recognize APEX. But Ward went to court to contend that the ballot had been improperly conducted...
...began hearing arguments on the case. To union officials, it is a crucial test of the government's support for the trade unions. In a characteristic British compromise, Parliament did not empower ACAS to compel employers to recognize unions; ACAS can merely recommend compliance. If the court accepts Ward's basic contention that he cannot be forced to accept APEX, union officials fear there will be a host of legal challenges to ACAS recommendations. Says APEX Official John Wall: "If the court rules that ACAS has no teeth, there will be hell raised within the Trades Union Congress...
Crime is decimating communities like Harlem. Says William Lundon, a homicide detective: "It's as if there were a cancer out there, with the doctor operating every day." To ward off robberies, Harlem merchants?almost all of them blacks?often stay open 24 hours a day. But the longer they are around, the more chance there is that they will be assaulted. One all-night grocer, a genial man in his 60s who was shot...