Word: warranting
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...Senate Judiciary Committee plans to hold a hearing Monday on the National Security Agency's controversial secret domestic spying program-and already the Justice Department is balking at turning over its legal opinions justifying the electronic surveillance of Americans without a court warrant. But there's a bigger problem committee chairman Arlen Specter and the panel's other members face than simply getting Justice to cough up documents. Exactly how should the 1978 Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, which requires the Justice Department to obtain a warrant from a special FISA court before wiretapping anyone in the U.S., be updated...
...Administration's main stated argument against the FISA court process is that obtaining warrants beforehand is simply too time-consuming in today's fast-paced world. But if speed were the only issue, there are some relatively easy fixes. The legal standard Justice Department lawyers must meet to obtain a FISA wiretap warrant could be lowered from the current threshold that there's "probable cause" to believe a crime has been committed or about to be committed. The paperwork required with a FISA warrant application could be trimmed. In emergencies, FISA now allows the attorney general to approve a wiretap...
...White House officials knowledgeable about the FISA process and NSA's surveillance capability say the problem isn't simply the time it takes to obtain a warrant. If it were to be altered, FISA must be changed "for a different sort of coverage by NSA," explains one administration official. "FISA was very much focused on getting one particular guy," says this administration official. "It was very much like a wiretap in a criminal case. You go to court and you have probable cause to believe a person has committed a crime. So you go to FISA and get a wiretap...
...senator's efforts to make it easier for the NSA to spy legally on persons in the U.S. In the summer of 2002, Ohio Republican Sen. Mike DeWine introduced a bill to lower the level of proof the Justice Department and spy agencies would need to get a FISA warrant to wiretap foreigners, or non-U.S. citizens, who were in the United States. For these "non-U.S. persons" only, the threshold would drop from "probable cause" to "reasonable suspicion," which has long been a recognized standard in U.S. courts. However, at a July 31, 2002, Senate Intelligence Committee...
...second concern is that the courses in general education should be ready before the switch to the new system of distributive requirements is made. While useful additions to the overall system, these courses will be optional and are not so central to the new general education system that they warrant holding up the implementation of the rest of the system. In the interim, the distribution requirement will increase student flexibility and improve the curriculum by introducing competition between courses.The future of a Harvard education is finally beginning to crystallize, and it looks very promising. There is no reason to tease...