Word: warred
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...first great modern artist, because of his fascination with the irrational and his critical rage against church and class. Indeed, the inscriptions on two of his prints -- Y no hai remedio (And there is no remedy), referring to the shooting of bound prisoners in the series titled Disasters of War, and El sueno de la razon produce monstruos (The sleep of reason brings forth monsters), the title page of his Caprichos -- seem as fixed above the wars, pogroms and massacres of the 20th century as Dante's words "Abandon hope, all ye who enter here" were on the adamantine gates...
...what they do not possess -- especially not the Caprichos and the Disasters of War -- is the sense of intellectual decorum and poise that the well-born, French-reading illuminati of Madrid preferred the discourse of images to have. Goya was not good at optimistic allegory. His large painting of the adoption of the liberal constitution of 1812 -- the constitution as a maiden in white presented by Father Time while pretty Clio, the muse of history, takes notes -- is one of his few real pictorial failures...
Search the attic! Check behind the wallpaper! Lucky scavengers may discover a small fortune in Russian bonds issued during World War I by the government of Czar Nicholas II. For 70 years, the IOUs have scarcely been worth the ornate paper they were printed on. Reason: a year after shooting the imperial family, the Soviet revolutionary government repudiated $192 million in the hands of U.S. bondholders. But last week the State Department said U.S. and Soviet officials have started negotiating a repayment of the Czarist loans. Including interest, the settlement could reach $900 million...
...earnest plonkers had written this clumsy, lively, thoroughly entertaining family saga of war and romance, no reader would have puzzled over deep currents that seem unaccountably shallow. Anthony Burgess, however, is one of literature's certified mandarins, known as an explicator of Ulysses (Re Joyce), a postapocalyptic moralist (A Clockwork Orange), and a scholar showily at home in a double handful of ancient and modern languages. He wigwags strenuously at the outset of this new novel that primal, mythic stuff is ahead -- ancient tales threading through the dark, tribal roots of 20th century bloody-mindedness...
...war is being waged in the territories, away from the centers of Israel's population, yet the principles behind the bullets and stones cut at the very existence of the state. The army's "get tough" policy strikes at Israel's grounding in religious values and commitment to peace. Throughout history, Jews strove not just to survive, but to survive without sacrificing principle...