Word: warren
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...high, marbled central chamber of the Supreme Court, Earl Warren sat last week for the last time as the 14th Chief Justice of the United States. It was an occasion of ceremony and speechmaking. Richard Nixon was there to watch Warren Earl Burger, the man he had named as Warren's successor, take his oath of office. But the President put in an appearance for another reason: to offer symbolic support to an institution that he himself had attacked so harshly during last year's election campaign. Emphasizing the court's importance as an instrument of "continuity...
Decision Days. Until the very last, the court that Warren led demonstrated its overriding concern with the rights of the individual-even though many critics complained that in some instances it had already gone too far. Just minutes before Burger's swearing-in, it handed down three decisions that further protect the rights of criminal defendants: > In a pair of cases from Alabama and North Carolina, the court ruled that a man who gets a criminal conviction set aside but is convicted a second time on the same charge, may not be given a longer sentence without any justification...
Embroiled in Controversy. The three decisions exemplified the court's insistence that the states observe strictly the Constitution's guarantees of fair procedure. They also typified what University of Chicago Law Professor Harry Kalven Jr. calls the Warren court's "appetite for action" and its penchant for "taking on tough social questions where the pressures were very high." That penchant has, of course, kept Warren and his associates embroiled in constant controversy. The court has been accused of everything from coddling criminals and handcuffing the police to approving hard-core pornography and banishing God from the public...
...matter what direction the court takes under Chief Justice Burger, nothing is likely to erase the dramatic record written between 1953 and 1969. Not since the days of John Marshall, whose term as Chief Justice ran more than twice as long as Warren's (1801-35), have the Justices broken more new ground in the law. Serving as they did during a period of the greatest social upheaval in the U.S. since the Civil War and the Depression, the Justices refused to label many issues "moot" or "unripe," or to invoke any of the other legal techniques that would...
...result was what New York University Law Professor Norman Dorsen calls "a fundamental reorientation of the court's role." The Warren court, says Dorsen, "moved dramatically from deference to the prerogatives of the other two branches of the Federal Government and of the states to aggressive protection of the rights of the individual." Leon Friedman, co-editor of a forthcoming history entitled The Justices of the U.S. Supreme Court, 1789-1969, describes the change in another way: "The magic thing that the court has done is to have initiated a new moral sense in the country, a direction that...