Word: warsaw
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...three-room flat in a crumbling pre-war building in central Warsaw normally houses a family of five. Last week it was suddenly transformed into the bustling headquarters of Warsaw's new independent trade union. Day after day, a steady stream of workers flowed through the kitchen to sign up for membership. In the back bedroom, beneath a photograph of Pope John Paul II, workers sat at a round table discussing union organization with intellectuals and lawyers who had volunteered to advise them. The commotion did not bother Stanislawa Runowska, 68, a round-faced woman who lives...
...months of labor turmoil. Now the workers were seeking the fruits of their hard-won victory. In Gdansk, the union headed by Lech Walesa, leader of the Lenin Shipyard strike, was already operating out of its new headquarters in the busy Baltic port. In the capital, faculty members of Warsaw University were organizing a teachers' union. The Szczecin-based board of the Polish seamen and dockworkers was planning to submit a motion of secession from the party-controlled Central Council of Trade Unions (C.R.Z.Z...
Washington policymakers seemed willing to take Kama's assurances at face value for the time being; their optimism was shared by few analysts in Western Europe. Said a skeptical West German Foreign Ministry expert: "What we saw [in the accords] was a tactical retreat by the government. Warsaw needed to fend off the danger of Soviet invasion and get the workers back to their jobs. Now the clawing back of what was given on paper begins." West German Chancellor Helmut Schmidt and French President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, moreover, had special reason for gloom: both...
...artistic elite of Europe. Her work often recalls the advocacy for taste and manners so prominent in the pioneering efforts of Addison and Steele; at other times, Flanner inserts herself neatly into the turmoil of the age, observing a bankrupt Berlin of 1931 or reflecting upon the fate of Warsaw some time after the ghetto uprising. But whether she writes about manners or history, Flanner always manages to construct her point of view in a most effectively self-effacing manner, her own personality hiding watchfully beneath the subtle implications of her prose...
...jobs than the scattered coal miners' strikes in Silesia mushroomed into a new potential crisis. Among Poland's best paid and most coddled workers, the miners had remained aloof from the riots of 1970 and 1976. Their burgeoning unrest last week was all the more alarming to Warsaw since coal and lignite provide 85% of Poland's energy and 15% of its hard-currency export earnings. The upheaval was also a personal blow to ex-Miner Gierek, whose birthplace and original power base was in Silesia...