Word: weight
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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Earlier reports from Perera's group had found that higher prenatal exposure to PAHs is associated with lower weight and smaller head size at birth and developmental delays at age 3. Studies of children in China who live near coal-burning plants have found that PAH exposure is associated with delayed motor development. The current Pediatrics study, however, is the first to link exposure to reduced performance on IQ tests. Kids in the low-exposure group scored a mean IQ of 101.6, while the mean score in the high-exposure group...
...19th century, all jockeys assumed a pose on the horse much like that of dressage riders: back straight, head up, seat planted firmly in place. The posture provided plenty of speed and plenty of control and, significantly, did not require the riders to support their own body weight - a real consideration over the course of a long race...
...jockey-plus-horse system," as the researchers call the racehorse-and-rider team, will start off essentially the same as any other: a combined mass of roughly 1,100 lb. (500 kg) of living flesh, with the horse representing about 87% of the total weight and the jockey making up the rest. One key to speed will be how lightly the horse can carry that 13% load. The investigators found that the horse's back oscillates up and down about 6 in. (150 mm) throughout its stride, and fore and aft about 4 in. (100 mm). The jockey moves...
...Whether the jockey is sitting in the saddle or not, the horse still has to carry his weight," Spence says. "But by absorbing the jiggles of the horse, the jockey prevents the animal from having to make him go up and down with each stride. It's the difference between the horse carrying a moving rider or simply a quantity of lead that weighs the same." The crouched position the jockey assumes throughout pays an additional dividend by minimizing wind resistance...
...these early tube meals were unappetizing, and astronauts dropped too many pounds. "We know that astronauts have lost weight in every American and Russian manned flight," wrote NASA scientists Malcolm Smith and Charles Berry in a 1969 Nutrition Today article. "We don't know why." Feeding people in space was not as easy as it looked. (Watch TIME's video "Why America Hasn't Gone Back to the Moon...