Word: weizmann
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...origins of the nuclear bomb project date back to Israel's birth. Atomic scientists were encouraged by Chaim Weizmann, Israel's first President and a chemist of international repute. Israeli nuclear experts produced low-grade uranium from phosphate in the Negev and developed an efficient technique for producing heavy water. In 1953, Israel, in exchange for these processes, was allowed to study France's nuclear program and participate in its Sahara tests. Four years later, France gave Israel its first nuclear reactor. Later, the French also helped with the design of Israel's Dimona Atomic Research Community in the Negev...
...idea for a so-called gemprinting technique grew out of a chance conversation between Physicist Shmuel Shtrik-man and an old friend, Meyer Kaplan, head of the criminal identification division of the Israeli Ministry of Police. While describing his work at the Weizmann Institute, Shtrikman complained that each of the diamonds he was using in his experiments produced a unique pattern when a beam of light was reflected from it onto a screen. Aware that Israel is the world's largest exporter of cut diamonds, Kaplan suggested that the patterns might be used to identify individual gems...
Shtrikman and his Weizmann team soon developed a simple diamond-identifying device. It consists of a small helium-neon laser that directs a beam of light through a pinhole in a sheet of Polaroid film and onto a diamond. As the laser's uniform light waves hit the "table" (or top facet) of the gem, some of them are reflected. Others enter the diamond, circle around inside it and are refracted at varying angles. The result is a unique pattern of spots on the film that looks like a bright, star-cluttered sky; in more advanced versions...
...joined the teaching and research faculty of Rockefeller University in 1960. He is also a trustee of Israel's Weizmann Institute...
...caves, where the Dead Sea Scrolls were discovered, picnickers romp along the shores of the Dead Sea. In Rehovoth, a sleepy little town founded by Polish Jews in 1890, the mysteries of life and death (not to mention the technicalities of heavy water) are probed by scientists at the Weizmann Institute, a research center that is among the world's best...