Word: western
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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More than 32,000 East Germans have arrived in West Germany since September 10, when Hungary opened its western border with Austria and the numbers of refugees occupying Bonn's embassies swelled...
...disarmed enemy forces" rather than prisoners of war, since providing the level of rations assured for POWs by the Geneva Convention "would prove far beyond the capacity of the Allies." Ike's request was granted, and adequate food, water and shelter were withheld from the prisoners. Alone among the Western Allies, the U.S. refused to permit Red Cross inspections of its 200 camps...
...Central Committee plenum to purge one- quarter of the twelve voting members of the Politburo. He ousted three aging conservatives: Ukrainian party chief Vladimir Shcherbitsky, 71; former KGB chairman Viktor Chebrikov, 66; and agriculture specialist Viktor Nikonov, 60. Gorbachev's main nemesis, Yegor Ligachev, 68, stays on, but Western diplomats believe it suits the President to have a significant figure to his right as a counterweight to Boris Yeltsin on his left so he can bill himself as a middle-of-the-roader. Gorbachev promoted new KGB chief Vladimir Kryuchkov, 65, and chief economic planner Yuri Maslyukov, 51. While both...
There is no shortage of suggestions on what Gorbachev should do. Western economists advise some breathtakingly sweeping changes: decontrol prices, end huge state subsidies, expand the private sector, open a capital market with realistic interest rates. Soviet specialists call for something more elusive: effective leadership. Says Oleg Bogomolov, director of Moscow's Institute of Economics of the World Socialist System: "To sustain perestroika, a new speedup, more radical change, is required." Gorbachev, adds Ambartsumov, "talks too much and doesn't carry through his decisions...
...pivotal. To prove his bona fides, he withdrew Soviet troops from Afghanistan and supported regional settlements in Africa and Latin America. He followed up by renouncing intervention in the affairs of Eastern Europe. His steady march toward nuclear-arms reduction often caught the U.S. off guard and vastly impressed Western Europe. His sure hand on foreign policy has been so convincing that some American congressional leaders are complaining that the Bush Administration is responding too tentatively...