Word: western
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...young researchers volunteered to hunt for Stalin-era documents in the official archives to which Medvedev had been denied access. After the author's twin brother Zhores, a distinguished biochemist and author, was exiled in 1973, he managed to send Roy from Britain scores of important works of Western Sovietology that were unavailable in Russia...
...granting these extraordinary concessions, the Communists made three key assumptions. First, that only a Solidarity-led opposition could secure economic cooperation from the public and attract the billions of dollars in Western aid needed to finance the recovery. Second, that by bringing Solidarity into the political process, the party could make it share the onus for the belt-tightening policies that would have to be adopted. Third, that by setting an early election date, the government could prevent the opposition from organizing an effective campaign...
Corporate executives would like nothing better. Western businessmen have dreamed of immense markets in China since the days of Marco Polo; for American corporations in the past few years, the dream started to come true. From a mere $1.2 billion ten years earlier, U.S. trade with China rocketed to $13.4 billion last year, including almost $5 billion of U.S. exports, such as farm goods, aircraft and oil-drilling equipment, and more than $8.5 billion of imports from China, such as clothing, toys and sporting goods. In addition, American corporations poured into China some $3.5 billion of direct investment. Everything from...
Simultaneously, however, U.S. executives are putting ideas of new investments on hold until they can see what sort of political and business climate emerges from the present turmoil. The wait may be a long one, and even when it ends, Western involvement will depend on whether the eventual winners are receptive to foreign influence or are isolationist hard-liners. Thermo Electron, a Waltham, Mass., company, is negotiating to build in China a $110 million co-generation plant that would turn out electric power and ferrosilicon metal by reusing the same fuel (coal). But, says chief executive George Hatsopoulos...
...Japanese word ukiyo -- "the floating world" -- suggests the narrow bridges of Hiroshige or the frozen waves of Hokusai. In Kadohata's novel of the '60s, a Japanese American redefines ukiyo as the Western U.S., a place of "gas station attendants, restaurants, and jobs we depended on, the motel towns floating in the middle of fields and mountains." Kadohata has a painter's eye, and her narrator's scroll is filled with scrupulously detailed portraits -- of her tyrannical grandmother, of herself and her lovers and, memorably, of unassimilated migrant workers, like "animals migrating across a field . . . moving from the hard life...