Word: westernism
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Though Mobutu is as inept as he is ruthless, most Western governments feel there is no real alternative to him in sight as a ruler for a huge country (905,562 sq. mi.) with seemingly insoluble tribal conflicts. The French government is anxious to remove the 700 Foreign Legionnaires who freed Kolwezi and replace them with a peace-keeping force to be furnished by several African states. Last weekend U.S. transport planes began flying French troops out of Zaïre and replacing them with Moroccans as the first units of a peace-keeping command. But unless the legionnaires are replaced...
...meeting of five Western powers in Paris early this week, the French government will offer its plan for a pan-African force. Following that, there will be a previously scheduled meeting in Brussels at which the Western nations will try to find ways to revive Zaïre's bankrupt economy. The French have explained to their allies that they are anxious to withdraw the legionnaires because they think the problem should be solved by African and Western countries working together. In fact, they are also a little nervous about being caught in Zaïre in the event of another rebel...
Many of Washington's European allies in NATO remained skeptical about the degree of Cuban involvement, and there was no hard proof linking the Cubans to the Kolwezi operation. But documents uncovered and radio traffic have led Western intelligence analysts to speculate that the Shaba rebels were trained by Cubans who had been assigned by Havana to reconstruct the Katangese liberation movement. The difference between the organization, equipment and indoctrination of those who invaded Shaba last year and that of this year's rebel troops was said to be noticeable...
Three years ago, Neto's Moscow-backed Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (M.P.L.A.) appeared to have won control of the former Portuguese territory in a bloody civil war against two Western-supported independence groups: Holden Roberto's National Front for the Liberation of Angola (F.N.L.A.) and Jonas Savimbi's National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA). In fact, the civil war never really ended, and Neto's Popular Movement government, even with Cuban assistance, has not been able to establish jurisdiction over a country that is larger than Britain, France, Portugal and West Germany combined...
...separated from the rest of Angola by a 20-mile strip of Zaïre, guerrillas of the small Front for the Liberation of the Cabinda Enclave (F.L.E.C.) are fighting for independence. Unfortunately for the F.L.E.C.'s chances, the squabbling Cabindans are split into three factions; moreover, according to Western intelligence estimates, several battalions of Cubans have been deployed in Cabinda to protect the offshore oil wells that currently provide most of Angola's revenues. Farther south, surviving units of the F.N.L.A. also harass government forces in occasional skirmishes, even though Holden Roberto, 55, now stays mainly in Zaïre. President...