Word: westernism
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...However, Obama’s proposal to do so with no preconditions is naiveté at its finest. In fact, even the Iranians themselves admit that negotiations provide more time for Iran to come closer to creating a nuclear weapon as they stonewall negotiations with the U.S. and other Western nations. It allows them to purchase approval of their domestic policy on the cheap. Perhaps this is why Secretary of State Hillary Clinton indicated that the administration might renege on its promise of direct talks with no preconditions...
...Yiddish literature professor Ruth R. Wisse said that it would be intellectually fulfilling to confront the greatest works that have shaped Western civilization, and that the canon reinforces the idea of a common culture in which everyone has a part. Committee members appear to have had even wider ambitions—proposing plans to integrate world literature into any great books program from the start, according to Damrosch...
...loomed above it all. "Cleopatra has come to symbolize Egypt for a lot of people," says Joyce Tyldesley, an archaeologist at the University of Liverpool and author of Cleopatra: Last Queen of Egypt, published last year. It's a symbol that has not always been flattering. Centuries of Western literature evoked Cleopatra as a lustful seductress, corrupting the stoic Roman men who strayed into her orbit. European empires seized upon this metaphor of temptation and decadence: after Napoleon's ill-fated invasion of Egypt, the French government issued a commemorative coin nevertheless, depicting France as a virile Roman conqueror standing...
...Kathleen Martinez, an archaeologist from the Dominican Republic who has conducted the digs at Abusir for the past three years, told reporters that she wants "to be Cleopatra's lawyer," and prove there is much more to the ancient potentate than the work of two thousands years of Western male imagination. Debates still rage over everything from Cleopatra's identity - cranial scans of her half-sister's skull this year suggested she may be African, though her known lineage was Greek - to her looks. Close scrutiny of coin portraits have led some to believe that she was rather plain...
...Defeating the pirates, however, took more than sea power. Combined with the greater military deterrent, many potential pirates' outlook in the region improved. Analysts believe that some of Malacca's pirates came from the Indonesian territory of Aceh on the far western tip of the island of Sumatra. That region had been torn apart by a three-decade battle between a local Islamic separatist group and the Indonesian military, isolating Aceh and annihilating economic opportunities. Desperate Acehnese took to piracy as the only way to earn a living, while arms-smuggling operations spawned by the conflict added an organized, criminal...