Word: westernness
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...horrifying prospect for Western European statesmen, already shaken by the unexpected Soviet crushing of Czechoslovakia. Last week it be came increasingly plain that Czechoslovakia was indeed crushed, that any reports of a compromise in Moscow were a sham, and that all the promises of freedom and reform in the country were to be obliterated by the Soviet occupiers for a long time to come. By that grim process, the Kremlin was altering the context of East-West dealings as well. Though the Soviet leaders insist that the intervention in Czechoslovakia is a domestic matter, it inevitably affects, and chills...
...Gorbanevskaya described what happened next in a letter to major Western newspapers. "Almost immediately, whistles were heard from all corners of the square, and plainclothes agents of the KGB [secret police] came running toward us. They shouted, 'These are all Jews!' and 'Beat the anti-Soviets!' They tore the banners from our hands and beat Viktor Feinberg in the face until the blood flowed, also breaking some of his teeth. Pavel Litvinov was beaten on the face with a heavy case. They shouted, 'Get out of here, you scum!' We remained seated...
Another clanging defeat for Western intelligence? Not really. It was a failure not of intelligence but of evaluation and judgment. The failure, moreover, was shared by intelligence services, diplomats, journalists and assorted experts the world over...
...Communists emerged as the country's largest single party. Benes formed a coalition government with them. In 1947, when Benes wanted to accept the U.S. offer of Marshall Plan aid, Stalin said no. Next year, in a Soviet-aided coup, the Czechoslovak Communists seized total power. Czechoslovakia's Western-oriented Foreign Minister Jan Masaryk, the son of the country's founder, was killed in a fall from a window in the Foreign Ministry. Many Czechoslovaks believed that it was murder, and saw in his death the demise of their own freedom...
Menacing War Games. Two days before tanks rolled, Western intelligence logged an unusual concentration of military flights across Poland. Could this be the prelude to an attack? It was Soviet Air Force Day. Perhaps the flights were part of the ceremonies...