Word: westernness
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...quite likely his most valuable. Since 1945, when he was declared odd man out at Yalta by Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin, De Gaulle has put France back on the map as a major world power. He ended the debilitating war in Algeria and added a new dimension to Western handling of the "Third World"; he blew life into the Common Market, even if he chilled the aspirations of those who saw it as a way to political unity on the Continent. In one fell swoop, he disposed of France's colonies in Black Africa, and in the process salvaged...
Friendly Persuasion. De Gaulle's view of Europe is the traditional one of a continent of nation-states, each sovereign and each civilized enough to look out for its own interests by means of bilateral treaties. ''I intended to assure French primacy in Western Europe," wrote De Gaulle in his memoirs...
...contrast, the U.S. finds it equally expensive to maintain 225,000 men in Western Europe. Washington is perennially faced with the problem of offsetting the balance-of-payments deficit ($1.3 billion last year) that the troops generate, and must make up for it by selling weapons to its NATO allies. Recently, the Defense Department had to twist Bonn's arm to speed up payment on $675 million in reciprocal purchases...
...recent speech before the American Society of International Law, Ball traced the "persistent rivalry among the individual nation-states of Europe" through three centuries of war, then recapitulated the U.S.-inspired moves toward Western European and Atlantic unity since World War II: the Schuman Plan and the Coal and Steel Community, the European Defense Community and NATO, the Treaty of Rome and the Common Market. "This then," he said, "was the prospect in the early part of the 1960s-a Europe making massive strides toward unity with the strong prospect that its geographical boundaries would be expanded to include...
...galling years, said Ball, France has managed to "transform the Common Market into a mere commercial arrangement," shut Britain out of Europe by whim, deny Germany participation in nuclear control "so as to preserve its own exclusive position as the sole nation with nuclear weapons on the Western European continent," and force the restructuring of NATO "in order to achieve freedom of political maneuver that could permit it to deal, to its own advantage, with what it has described with a curious impartiality as 'the two great hegemonies...