Word: white-collar
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...White-Collar Yearnings. Under German law, an apprentice may work only 36 hours a week, must spend an additional eight hours weekly studying technical or liberal arts subjects. The pay is a low $15 to $40 monthly, but the company usually provides for board and lodging if the apprentice is training away from home. Siemens figures that each apprentice costs $1,000 a year to train, and is worth it. Though apprentices are not required to go to work for the outfit that trained them, 98% of them...
Since most young Germans inevitably yearn for white-collar respectability and higher salaries, the largest number of apprentices in Germany today are training to become merchants, bank workers, and salesmen. German labor unions have no quarrel with the apprentice system, but are watchful to protect apprentices from being mistreated or misused as cheap labor. The unions hardly need worry; in labor-short Germany, it is a foolish firm indeed that would do anything to scare off future skilled workers...
...consortium developing molybdenum deposits in Greenland. Last year Stora's sales were about $153 million, are expected to rise slightly this year. Despite its advanced age, Stora has avoided hardening of the arteries by keeping its upper echelon lean (only 16% of its staff are salaried white-collar workers v. 25% for the average Swedish firm) and its plants remarkably efficient...
Moreover, as one result of automation-the world's biggest bogy word to most union leaders-the so-called white-collar workers have for the first time passed in number the lunch pail-carrying blue-collar men, who are the backbone of unionism (see chart). Since white-collar workers historically identify themselves with management, they are hard to organize-and the unions have made only the smallest dent in their ranks...
...degree as productivity-both gained some 3% last year-the economic utility of union membership is not readily apparent to the youngsters. More important, automation's forward march has hit labor unions by eliminating jobs among the easier-to-organize heavy manufacturing workers, and by creating jobs for white-collar workers, who remain notoriously cool to unions. Of the 23 million Americans employed in government, selling, banking and insurance, fully 85% to 90% have nothing to do with unions...