Word: wickard
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...regulation supporters say the Montana law is unconstitutional, citing long-standing court decisions going back to the Depression era based on the application of the so-called commerce clause regulating interstate commerce, the Wickard v. Filburn case, according to Paul Helmke, president of the Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence. The courts have ruled that even if a farmer grows his wheat locally, sells it locally and someone buys it locally, the entire transaction process is still governed by interstate commerce because of the concept that his actions affect the entire marketplace - including, most importantly, the ability of a farmer...
...concept of tilling one's front yard is not a new one. In 1942, as the U.S. emerged from the Great Depression and mobilized for World War II, Agriculture Secretary Claude R. Wickard encouraged Americans to plant "Victory Gardens" to boost civic morale and relieve the war's pressure on food supplies - an idea first introduced during The Great War and picked up by Canada, the U.S. and Great Britain. The slogan became "Have Your Garden, and Eat It Too." Soon gardens began popping up everywhere, and not just American lawns - plots sprouted up at the Chicago County Jail...
...contrast, the Court has long permitted Congress to regulate anything that it claims has "a substantial economic effect on interstate commerce." Thus in 1942 (Wickard v. Filburn), the Court upheld the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as applied to a farmer who sowed only 23 acres of wheat mostly for home consumption. Reasoning: the combined output of many small farmers affects the total flow of interstate commerce...
Running unsuccessfully for the U.S. Senate against Indiana's Republican Homer Capehart two years ago, Claude R. Wickard accused the Eisenhower Administration of basely betraying the U.S. farmer. Cried President Franklin Roosevelt's Secretary of Agriculture (1940-45): "I have before me [Candidate] Eisenhower's promises to farmers in 1952 and [President] Eisenhower's veto message of the first 1956 farm bill. Like the man on the flying trapeze, he has switched from one to the other with the greatest of ease...
Last week, with farm prices rising rapidly (TIME, May 12), Claude Wickard, no longer running for public office, abandoned agricultural recession as a Democratic issue. Confiding to reporters in Kansas City that his 620-acre farm at Camden, Ind. is making money hand over fist, Wickard said: "I can't complain about $21 hogs. My son-in-law and I sold ten Holstein cows the other day for $240 each. I didn't believe in Santa Claus until then...