Word: wigner
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...when Einstein's fellow refugees Leo Szilard and Eugene Wigner learned that German scientists had managed to split the atom, they sought Einstein's help. Einstein himself may have had only the faintest idea of the recent progress in nuclear physics, but after a briefing by Szilard and Wigner he agreed to write a letter to President Roosevelt alerting him to the possibility that the Nazis might try to make an atomic bomb. That letter is popularly credited (though its precise effect is unclear) with helping to persuade Roosevelt to order up the Manhattan Project, which produced the first atomic...
...Mayer visualized the atomic nucleus as a series of onion-like layers of neutrons and protons. That insight was developed into the Jensen-Mayer "shell theory" of the nucleus, for which she shared the 1963 Nobel Prize with fellow physicists Hans Jensen of Heidelberg and Eugene Wigner of Princeton...