Word: wisconsin
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...Carter strategy calls for him to spend much of his personal campaigning after Labor Day in a baker's-dozen large, pivotal states with a total of 291 of the 538 electoral votes: California, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Maryland, Michigan, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Texas and Wisconsin. Considerably less effort will be made in 14 states in which Carter's aides anticipate almost certain victories; at this point, they foresee defeat in only six states, with a total of 27 electoral votes: Arizona, Idaho, Kansas, Utah, Vermont and Wyoming...
This type of center, patterned after a successful writing workshop venture at the University of Wisconsin, would offer its services not only to freshmen, but also to upperclassmen and faculty members who wish to improve their writing skills...
...that task, Gutman does not tread new ground. At least two schools of thought have developed theories of the origins of the American labor movement. At the beginning of this century John R. Commons led the Wisconsin school of labor history in creating a standard interpretational framework that, as Gutman says, even later-generation Marxists and New Left historians rarely questioned. To summarize and hopelessly simplify, Commons theorized that unions were economic institutions founded by workers in response to their loss of control over local markets due to rapid industrialization and specialization. Craftsmen's local markets and skilled laborers were...
...like Commons and Dunlop that Gutman questions. He seriously disputes the very assumptions upon which their theories are based, assumptions built into terms such as "labor movement." For Gutman, no such term can be used meaningfully to encompass all of the American working population. Indeed, Gutman says of the Wisconsin school that because prior to 1940, few workers belonged to permanent trade unions, "its overall conceptualization excluded most working people from detailed and serious study." (italics mine). "More than this," Gutman writes...
...When the Hays scandal broke in May, House Speaker Carl Albert gave the job of proposing reforms to a three-man committee headed by Wisconsin's David Obey, 37, a tough-minded and rising Democratic star. The group advocated curbing the authority of the House Administration Committee, which Hays used to dispense favors and build his power until he resigned his chairmanship last week. Under Hays, the committee had the right to increase Congressmen's allowances and even the size of their staffs. To prevent abuses, Obey recommended that such changes be granted only by a vote...