Word: withdrawal
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Syngman Rhee, Korea's veteran fighter for freedom, sat on a stone bench in his garden at Seoul. He still spoke against the truce, but his talk now was dull and resigned. There had been some fear that his ROK troops might refuse to withdraw from the buffer zone-but they ceased fire along with their U.N. comrades in arms (see below). Syngman Rhee, whose opposition might have wrecked the truce if the Communist hunger for a truce had not been voracious, now declared: "My desire is strong not to follow unilateral policy if it can be avoided...
Article I. "A Military Demarcation Line shall be fixed and both sides shall withdraw two .kilometers from this line so as to establish a Demilitarized Zone between the opposing forces." A truce line .and buffer zone were fixed once before, in November 1951. They had to be redrawn last week, after the ground-gaining Communist attacks of last fortnight. At truce time, 2,350 square miles of former North Korean territory are still left in U.N. hands, while the Communists get 850 square miles south of the 38th parallel-a net gain of 1,500 for the allies...
Article II A. All fighting stops promptly within twelve hours of the armistice signing. Within 72 hours, all troops and equipment of both sides are withdrawn from the 2½-mile-wide buffer zone. Within ten days allied forces withdraw from islands north of the 38th parallel. Rotation of 35,000 troops a month is permitted each side, but the level of existing forces must not be raised. Aircraft, tanks, artillery pieces, etc. which are worn out, damaged or destroyed during the truce may be replaced piece-by-piece...
...Answer Is Yes. Nam asked General Harrison (the U.N. senior delegate) if the South Koreans would cease fire and withdraw from the 2½-mile-wide buffer zone within twelve hours of the signing. Harrison's answer: "The ROK forces will cease fire and withdraw." Would the U.N. Command abide by the armistice even if the ROKs started fighting again? Said Harrison: "The answer is yes." Was there any time limit on the ROK agreement not to wreck the truce? Harrison answered: "There is no time limit to the armistice...
...Panmunjom last week U.N. and Communist staff officers worked patiently amid piles of maps, charts and aerial photos. Their job: to pinpoint the demarcation line from which both armies will withdraw when an armistice is signed. Their difficulty: the line will not become final until the signing, and meanwhile, it was not holding still (see below). Already, Communist gains on the eastern front were forcing the negotiators to move the line south. Staff officers were well aware that men were dying as they talked, but theirs was a painstaking job, and it could not be rushed. "So far," said...