Word: withdrawals
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Says Harold H. Saunders, former Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs and a resident fellow at the American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research: "The U.S. has been operating from the premise that Israel should withdraw from the territory it occupied [in the 1967 war] in exchange for peace and security. Yet Israel is operating from the premise that it will take all the land of the West Bank of the Jordan River. If Israel forecloses a compromise peace in the Middle East, then it guarantees another generation of conflict. Sooner or later we have...
...impose a peace treaty on the country. The Lebanese refused, but after U.S. pressure the two countries signed an agreement last May under which the Lebanese would conduct future negotiations with Israel "on the movement of goods, products and persons" across the Israeli-Lebanese border, and the Israelis would withdraw their forces from the country. The Israelis, however, made their pullout contingent on a simultaneous withdrawal of the remaining P.L.O. forces as well as the Syrians, who control most of the Bekaa Valley and much of northern Lebanon. When the Syrians refused to leave, so did the Israelis. Only...
...Lebanese factions. At such a meeting, the Druze, the Shi'ite Muslims and other groups would be able to press the Maronite Christians for a greater share of political power. Two weeks ago, the Syrians demanded that as part of the cease-fire agreement, the Lebanese government had to withdraw its army from the Chouf and promise never to use it in future domestic conflicts. Last week the Syrians insisted that the Lebanese government delegation to the subsequent conference include neither the Prime Minister nor the Speaker of parliament, both of whom, under the 1943 agreement, are Muslims. Behind...
...questions raised by the conflict in Lebanon were complex enough by themselves. They were made more so by the fact that the nation is already in the early stages of a presidential election campaign. The President sent the Marines to Lebanon in the first place to assist in the withdrawal of the Palestinian guerrillas from West Beirut and to help maintain the peace while the new Lebanese government gradually took charge. Much has happened since then, including the failure of the Syrians and the Israelis to withdraw from Lebanon, and the outbreak of fighting among the various Lebanese factions...
...hours. Second, if troops are sent to situations where "imminent involvement in hostilities" is likely, the President must notify Congress within 48 hours. In this case, however, notification starts an imaginary clock running. Unless Congress declares war or authorizes the deployment to continue, the resolution requires the President to withdraw the forces within 60 days (the period can be extended to 90 days by presidential fiat). If he fails to act, the resolution also empowers Congress to force a pullout by passing a "concurrent resolution," which cannot be vetoed by the President...