Word: within
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Humphrey's apprehension over volatile Democratic loyalties on the eve of Chicago prompted him to provoke an ill-advised skirmish within the Ohio delegation last week. Humphrey operatives, irritated because Democratic Senatorial Can didate John J. Gilligan had not yet endorsed the Vice President, insisted upon a showdown caucus. Also, Humphrey wrote a letter to an A.F.L.-C.I.O. leader suggesting that Gilligan be pressured into making an endorsement. Immediately, union campaign contributions were withdrawn. In an angry caucus last week, Humphrey, who had counted on at least 100 of Ohio's 115 delegate votes, received only...
Tribal lines, not national boundaries, make up the true map of Black Africa. The Congo's latent disorder stems more than anything else from its stubborn attempt to throw a skein of nationhood over no fewer than 200 tribes. Even tiny Dahomey numbers more than a dozen tribes within its borders. Worse for national unity, tribalism is growing almost everywhere as a cushion against the shocks of transition into the 20th century. In Africa's multiplying ghettos, tribal "unions" or associations flourish as a kind of foreign embassy in the city for dazed tribesmen from the country. When things...
...active parliamentary government. Because British colonial law had largely prevented white men from owning land, the enterprise of black traders and businessmen flourished, based on exports of palm oil and cocoa. Four years before independence, drillers discovered deep pools of oil in the Niger Delta?a strike that within ten years made Nigeria the world's 13th largest oil producer. Nature itself, it seemed, was favoring self-rule...
Prideful Advertisements. It had not always been so. When the British arrived in Nigeria, the Ibos were among the most primitive people they encountered, scratching out their lives on yam patches and occasionally supplementing their low-protein diet with human flesh. But within their backward tribal culture lay unique seeds for Western-style self-improvement. Unlike many other tribes, they had no autocratic village chiefs. Instead, they were ruled by open councils of what sociologists call high achievers?successful yam farmers...
Jungle Drumbeat. During a two-week orgy of systematic murder that fall, when tens of thousands of their people were killed and hundreds of thousands maimed, the Ibo tribal elders of the East lost all hope of reconciliation within the Nigerian union. Fearing for the very survival of their tribe, they solemnly invoked the ancient power of Ibo Kwennu, the rallying cry of Ibo brotherhood. From family heads and village elders, there went out millions of messages to virtually every Ibo still living outside the East, each with a single, peremptory instruction: Come home. And from every corner of Nigeria...